SEO deals with optimizing web pages for search engines so you can increase the organic traffic to your website. It is done organically and technically you don’t have to pay for it. Pay per click (or PPC) on the other hand are ads that you purchase. They are the advertisements that appear at the top and bottom of search engine results pages.
The process of optimizing your website for search engines like Google, Bing, Yahoo, etc. is called search engine optimization, or SEO. It centers around discovering SEO-optimized strategies and tricks to raise the ranking of your websites on Google's algorithms. There are numerous methods for doing that. Keyword optimization, link building, and on-site & off-site optimization, etc being some of them. People choose to either do them by themselves or hire special SEO agencies that do it for them.
A new website may take up to 4 to 6 months to rank on SERPs.
Link building is an SEO-optimized process that raises the search engine ranking of a certain site. It is a good way of increasing organic traffic to your site. One of the key elements that search engine algorithms consider when figuring out how relevant a page is are links.
International SEO deals with ranking and increasing the traffic of your website in multiple countries. It helps search engines determine which country's markets or languages your company should target.